Therefore, the implementation of aftertreatment systems is required. However, ammonia dual-fuel combustion currently suffers from relatively high unburned ammonia and NO x emissions because of the fuel-bound nitrogen. The development of advanced injection strategies can contribute to enhanced performance and overall emissions improvement. Ammonia can be combusted with diesel or any other lower autoignition temperature fuel in dual-fuel mode and lead to a significant reduction of carbon-based emissions. This paper provides a detailed overview of ammonia as a fuel for compression ignition engines. The decarbonisation of the diesel engine can be achieved by the implementation of a carbon-free fuel such as ammonia. However, despite the tackle of NO x emissions, the decarbonisation of the automotive, marine and power generation markets is mandatory for meeting greenhouse gas emissions targets and limiting global warming. Moreover, the NO x emissions production is of lower concern for heavy-duty, marine or power generations applications where the implementation of advanced aftertreatment systems is feasible. Recently major automotive manufacturers announced the development of diesel-powered vehicles with negligible NO x emissions.
However, the news of deadly diesel NO x emissions supported by the diesel emission scandals caused a shock to the diesel engine market, and the sustainability of the diesel engine is currently in dispute. At the beginning of the century, almost 50% of the new vehicle registrations in the European market were diesel-powered. Proof-of-concept tests have been carried out for small-scale engines.During the past decades, the diesel engine has been through times of upheaval, boom and bust. Combustion characteristics have been derived for ammonia as a fuel (including the identification of combustion technologies for low emission systems). make best use of existing industrial infrastructure and foster the energy system transition towards hydrogenĪt what stage of development is this project?įundamental combustion properties have been derived for various hydrogen-rich fuel mixtures (e.g.reduce emissions (greenhouse gases, fine particulates).maximise the use of renewable energy-derived fuels in various end-use sectors (transport, industry).There are also other methods of internal combustion, such as diesel engines and gas turbine engines. use non-carbon fuels in combustion engines efficiently What type of fuel is used in an engine In a car engine, gasoline is burned inside the engine, which ignites the fuel and releases energy that moves the car.This project aims to develop combustion engines (for transport and power generation) to use some of these fuels. However, with production from renewable energy, non-carbon fuels such as hydrogen and ammonia offer new opportunities. How could this technology be explained to a high school student?Ĭombustion engines (piston engine, gas turbines) have historically been fueled by fossil fuels. The “H 2-rich fuels” project aims to test various non-carbon fuels, including hydrogen and ammonia, in combustion systems.